Thursday, April 23, 2020
Thematical Lives Of Dickens Characters Essay Example For Students
Thematical Lives Of Dickens Characters Essay Thematical Lives of Dickens CharactersCharles Dickens literary works are comparable to one another in many ways; plot, setting, and even experiences. His novels remain captivating to his audiences and he draws them in to teach the readers lessons of life. Although each work exists separate from all of the rest, many similarities remain. Throughout the novels, Oliver Twist and Great Expectations, the process of growing up, described by the author, includes the themes of the characters ability to alienate themselves, charity given to the characters and what the money does to their lives, and the differences of good and evil individuals and the effects of their influences. We will write a custom essay on Thematical Lives Of Dickens Characters specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Collectively, these major novels overflow with orphans, adoptive parents, guardians, and failed parent-child relationships. Oliver, the main character in Oliver Twist, must forget about his infantile past (Marcus 182) in order to seek the idyllic future (Marcus 182). He gets hurled from orphanages to foster parents and so on until he finds himself a portion of the wrong crowd. The pickpockets take him under their authority and attempt to show him the ropes of the embezzling operation. The orphan Carter 2adapts well to the swindling lifestyle of Fagin and the boys, and through a series of mischievous choices, authorities apprehend him for stealing (although Dodger was the true felon), and Oliver must live with the consequences. Great Expectations also emphasizes the process of growing up through Pip, the main character. Pips mother and father passed away while he was young, and he was forced to reside in the house of his older sister and her husband.The boy obtains many idealistic fat hers, including Joe, Magwitch, Jaggers and Pumblechook, but none of these men can give him what he needs from a predecessor. Dickens demonstrates to the reader the consequences that bad parenting has on children. Some children are warped by the knottiest roots (Lucas 141). Pip, Estella, and Magwitch are all examples of hurt children. The bitter children dwell on their past, or what has been forgotten (Marcus 182), and blame the parents for their sufferings. Other children such as Joe and Herbert survive bad parents and go on with their lives, not letting the history affect the outlook. Personalities in the novels became cut off physically or spiritually from human companionship. Oliver suffers from a sense of estrangement. He fears being abandoned by foster parents and friends, even though the relationships are not healthy for him. Consider his relationship with Dodger. The orphan was told to take Dodgers advice and do what he does (Oliver 138) by Fagin in order to succeed. Oliver k new that his new Carter 3friends were bad influences on him, but yet he remained with the clique to keep from feeling a hint of isolation. In Great Expectations, Ms. Havisham, resembling Pip, Estella, and Jaggers, acquires a sense of mutilation from her locked up feelings. In her past, she was abandoned by her fianc? at the altar on her wedding day. Ironically, the old woman, so terrified of the idea of being alone, alienates herself from most human contact. After the horror of her loves departure, she does not allow anything in the house to change. Wedding cake still sits on tables, clocks unexpectedly stopped at the exact time that she was deserted, and she lives in the past and denies the future. Desperately, she withers away corpse-like (Great 54) in solitude. Largely through Joe, Warwick, Herbert, Wemmick and Wopsle, Pip learns to form bonds of love. Bound to Estella through his affection for her, he does not realize her teasing games. She does not seem to display the same feel ings towards him, but he believes that he will win her emotions. This relationship matures into the destruction of Pip, but his fear of existing in seclusion keeps his helpless, constant infatuation burning. This twist of fate finds Pip sadly and searchingly wanting (Sucksmith 186). .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce , .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce .postImageUrl , .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce , .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce:hover , .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce:visited , .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce:active { border:0!important; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce:active , .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucf9d68b11947abb8e664ef3970b186ce:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Atticus As A Model Parent EssayDickens suggests that charity, like love, will earn integrity only if honest. Indicated in Oliver Twist, is the impression that true concern for people dwells in individuals, not in institutions. From the beginning, in the orphanage, Oliver was the Carter 4object of peoples benevolence. He obtained food, clothing, and shelter, but lived in horrible conditions and his guardians treated him as though he was not deserving. In one case, at a workhouse, the operator of the institute was given government money to tend to the children but however she kept most of the money for herself (Oliver 10). When Oliver encountered the pickpockets, he felt as though he belonged, but Dodger and his group helped Oliver only when they believed they could profit from the innocence of the boy. These associations showed no real compassion for Oliver as a human, but thought of him as a way of benefitting themselves instead. The orphan finds true kindness in charity when he encounters the generosity of Brownlow and Mrs. Maylie. They offer love and forgiveness for past mistakes along with meeting Olivers basic needs. In Great Expectations, money has tricky value. Coin is not bad in itself, since it helps Herbert and prevents Pip from getting placed into debtors prison. From the beginning, Pip received endowments from which he thought were gifts to him from Ms. Havisham, but in the end he found it was from the convict he encountered while playing in his parents graveyard as a child. He had provided the felon with extra food and in turn, he was given money and a good life. Coin eventually became dangerous to Pip. He evolved into prey for greedy ind ividuals, and those that would marry for wealth (Great 392). He also began to lose his moral bearings. If he did not love money in itself, he adored the power that it Carter 5brought him in life. Several of Dickens publications, like most excellent literature, depict the struggle between opposing forces of good and evil. The living conditions of the characters determine what will become of them in their future. Those who are deprived of good influences as a child are doomed to lead bad lives, and suffer, while those who grow up in good environments, full of love and security, will flourish in adulthood. Oliver, for example, gets rescued in time from the wickedness of bad influences. He lands in the hands of righteousness before death (Lucas 253). Nancy, however, must pay the price for sin; she can not escape demise. Dickens illustrates the results of poverty, especially hunger, which has the ability to turn humans into malicious animals. The author may also continue to argue in his books that criminals are made, not born. Great Expectations portrays kindness and immorality as inseparably intermingled. Pip and his childish and strict moral views, partitions life into absolutes : Estella is good, Magwitch is bad; Jaggers world is evil while Herberts is good. Later in life, Pip sees that he must accept that all life is interwoven together, and that he must search for good in people as well as seeing their corrupt behavior and self-deception (Sucksmith 186).Celebrated writers all tend to use a specific style to their literature. Some use the same setting, other use similar ideas. Charles Dickens illustrates the importance of childhood and what Carter 6occurs to a human as a child potentially has the power to change their lives forever. Parents, or guardians exist as role models for their children. Either the young ones see what their parents accomplish and mock them, or they become the opposite. Emotions of a child affect emotions as an adult. Essentially, Dickens characterizes the idea that a persons adulthood is a reflection of their past. .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 , .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 .postImageUrl , .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 , .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6:hover , .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6:visited , .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6:active { border:0!important; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6:active , .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6 .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2f8182446bf90d1773dcdc3966df53d6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: CONTENT ON THE INTERNET: FREE OR FETTERED? EssayWorks CitedPrimaryDickens, Charles. Great Expectations. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Inc.1992. Dickens, Charles. Oliver Twist. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Inc. 1990. SecondaryLucas, John. Charles Dickens: the major Novels. New York: Penguin, 1982. Marcus, Steven. Dickens: from Pickwick to Dombey. New York: Basic Books, 1965. CLCvol. 3, p. 182. Sucksmith, Harry Peter. The Narrative Art of Charles Dickens: the Rhetoric of Sympathy andIrony in his Novels. London: Oxford University Press, 1970. CLC vol. 3, p. 186.
Tuesday, March 17, 2020
The Jameson Raid, December 1895
The Jameson Raid, December 1895 The Jameson Raid was an ineffective attempt to overthrow President Paul Kruger of the Transvaal Republic in December 1895. There are several reasons why the Jameson Raid took place. Tens of thousand of uitlanders had settled in the Transvaal following the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand in 1886. The influx threatened the political independence of the recently formed republic (negotiated at the 1884 London Convention, three years after the 1st Anglo-Boer War). Transvaal relied on revenue generated by the gold mines, but the government refused to grant the uitlanders the franchise, and kept upping the period required to qualify for citizenship.The Transvaal government was considered to be excessively conservative over economic and industrial policy, and the various non-Afrikaner mining magnates in the region desired a greater political voice.There was a significant level of distrust between the Cape Colony government and that of the Transvaal republic over Krugers attempt to claim control of Bechuanaland in contravention of the 1884 London Convention. The region was subsequently declared a British protectorate. Leander Starr Jameson, who lead the raid, had first arrived in Southern Africa in 1878, lured by the discovery of diamonds near Kimberley. Jameson was a qualified medical doctor, known to his friends (including Cecil Rhodes, one of the founders of the De Beers Mining Company who became premier of Cape Colony in 1890) as Dr Jim. In 1889 Cecil Rhodes formed the British South Africa (BSA) Company, which was given a Royal Charter, and with Jameson acting as emissary, sent a Pioneer Column across the Limpopo River into Mashonaland (what is now the northern part of Zimbabwe) and then into Matabeleland (now south-west Zimbabwe and parts of Botswana). Jameson was given the post of administrator for both regions. In 1895 Jameson was commissioned by Rhodes (now prime minister of Cape Colony) to lead a small mounted force (around 600 men) into the Transvaal to support an expected uitlander uprising in Johannesburg. They departed from Pitsani, on the Bechuanaland (now Botswana) border on 29 December. 400 Men came from the Matabeleland Mounted Police, the rest were volunteers. They had six Maxim guns and three light artillery pieces. The uitlander uprising failed to materialize. Jamesons force made first contact with a small contingent of Transvaal soldiers on 1 January, who had blocked the road to Johannesburg. Withdrawing during the night, Jamesons men tried to outflank the Boers, but were finally forced to surrender on 2 January 1896 at Doornkop, approximately 20km west of Johannesburg. Jameson and various uitlander leaders were handed over to British authorities in the Cape and sent back to the UK for trial in London. Initially they were convicted of treason and sentenced to death for their part in the plan, but the sentences were commuted to heavy fines and token prison stays - Jameson served only four months of a 15 month sentence. The British South Africa Company was required to pay nearly à £1 million in compensation to the Transvaal government. President Kruger gained much international sympathy (the Transvaals David verses the Goliath of the British empire), and bolstered his political standing at home (he won the 1896 presidential election against a strong rival Piet Joubert) because of the raid. Cecil Rhodes was forced to retire as prime minister of the Cape Colony, and never truly regained his prominence, although he negotiated a peace with various Matabele indunas in his fiefdom of Rhodesia. Leander Starr Jameson returned to South Africa in 1900, and after the death of Cecil Rhodes in 1902 took over leadership of the Progressive Party. He was elected prime minister of the Cape Colony in 1904 and lead the Unionist Party after the Union of South Africa in 1910. Jameson retired from politics in 1914 and died in 1917.
Saturday, February 29, 2020
C.S. Lewis and His Theology on Jesus Essay -- believe, church, christian
ââ¬ËWhat are we to make of Christ?ââ¬â¢ There is no question of what we can make of Him, it is entirely a question of what He intends to make of us. You must accept or reject the story,â⬠(Lewis, 8). C.S. Lewis was a man who believed in Jesus, the Trinity, and making it known through his actions and his words that changed Christianity and its theology as a whole. In the beginning of his journey, C.S. Lewis believed that God was one big mystery. Jesus was not in the picture, and God was just some foreign name. Like many of us, we can approach God as an unopened present hidden in a closet. If we take a peek, we will see that it is there. If we do not, we will not know unless we hear about it. There are times when you think about checking it but do not. There are also times you take a peek and forget about it. But sometimes, you check it, open it, and get excited- really, really excited, but we do not know whether or not we should open it. He struggled with Atheism as much as he did Christianity. He chose to stick with what he wanted to know more of- Atheism. Lewis had a lack of belief in the existence of Jesus of God or any of it. One day, everything changed. Lewis wrote inà Surprised by Joy,à "I did not know what I was letting myself in for. A young man who wishes to remain a sound Atheist cannot be too careful of his reading. There are traps everywhere.... God is, if I may say it, very unscrupulous,â⬠(37). Unscrupulous, meaning having or showing no moral principles; not honest or fair (Webster), his view on God was lacking and skewed. He wanted to continue his young life being an Atheist even in the midst of knowing God had his hand on his life whether he wanted to admit it or not. Our culturd the same importance to the experiences, (BBC). Overall, C.S. Lewisââ¬â¢ beliefs in God were incredibly real, raw, and honest. He inspired others to figure out who God was to them, and who God is to us. He challenged the people around him. Referring C.S. Lewis to culture now and although he has passed quite some time ago, his stories live on for believers and non-believers. Most known for his Chronicles of Narnia series, he has opened up eyes of many people. His theology and heart collide to continue showing Godââ¬â¢s name and face wherever you go. Whether you believe or not, you know who C.S. Lewis is. An incredible life lived, and an incredible legacy that lives on. His belief in God and the Trinity, and his powerful message to the world through the power of his words will continue to test believers and non-believers to live a life filled with incredible purpose.
Thursday, February 13, 2020
Computer Network Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Computer Network Security - Essay Example It is now considered as a fundamental fact that if an application is connected and operates on the network, it can be exploited and compromised. Organizations are keen to build a layered defense of protection to counter cyber threats from internal and external entities. Likewise, there is a requirement to constantly monitor live traffic from and to the World Wide Web, remote connections, the real-time interaction of users to applications, Internet gateways and client interactions with the applications. Code reviews are essential, as patches from vendors must be tested first before implementation into the live environment. However, for effective implementation of patches, patch management practices must be documented and standardized. Likewise, there are effective tools available for performing effective patch management. Secondly, configuration management also plays an essential role in ensuring security for mission-critical aviation applications. For instance, if a faulty hardware c omponent is replaced with the new one, it is important to address issues with hardware compatibility, as any malfunctioned device may introduce the vulnerability. Thirdly, change management procedures must also be documented and approved by the respective application owners prior to any changes to the application. For instance, change request form requiring any changes within the application can be approved and documented for ensuring no vulnerable spots in the architecture and infrastructure. All the identified attack interfaces must be addressed by taking the following factors into consideration (Mitigating security threats by minimizing software attack surfaces.2008): Uninstall and prevent unnecessary features Default utilities and programs that are installed within the operating systems must be utilized (If required) Strong access management by user authentication Remove all default passwords on the application server
Saturday, February 1, 2020
Maths project Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Maths project - Coursework Example The collected data were from various ages and shoe size. Utilizing the underlying evidence to comprehend and make viable conclusion of the hypothesis that is most appropriate. Comprehension of the framework of the report and knowledge was utilized in creation of the thesis and via mind mapping the ideas were formulated for attaining relevant data. The objectives of this experiment are to contract a few friends and prevailing family member to aid in completing the questionnaire. It will involve collection of the shoe sizes for 20 children in the underlying range of 1 to 16 years old and carry out analysis of the data in order to either prove or disapprove the underlying fact that the prevailing childrenââ¬â¢s shoe sizes escalate with the increase in age. The investigation was kept fair and accurate as possible in regard to collection of the data pertaining to the shoe sizes and age. The major aim of the underlying experiment was to assess if the childrenââ¬â¢s shoe sizes escalates as their ages increases. It aimed at aiding in comprehending of the association amidst an individualââ¬â¢s age and their corresponding shoe size. The investigation also aimed at testing the underlying hypothesis through completion of the experiment after attaining the appropriate results of the investigation, assessing the results and verifying the validity of the prevailing hypothesis. Simple short questionnaire was utilized in obtaining sections of the vital information, shoe size, gender and corresponding age. All the prevailing participants were twenty and their consent were received from parents by elaborating the main reasons of undertaking the research. The data were then transferred into corresponding tally chart and then the number of participants with particular size shoe was computed. The data were displayed into the bar chart, pie chart and suitable scatter graph. Diverse means was utilized in computing averages and corresponding participantsââ¬â¢ ages
Friday, January 24, 2020
Non-Religious Celebrations Of Easter Should Be Done Away With Essay
NON-RELIGOUS CELEBRATIONS OF EASTER SHOULD BE DONE AWAY WITH à à à à à Have you ever sat back and thought about the different traditions that we celebrate in America as well as all around the world? Some of these traditions may include holidays, sporting events, and weddings. We celebrate certain traditions for religious reasons, for memorial reasons, and just for the fact that what we are celebrating is a tradition, and we wish to keep it that way. But some of the traditions that date back thousands of years have been altered from their original meaning. Easter is a perfect example of one of the traditions that has been altered to better suit our modern times. Originally, Easter was the celebration of the ascension of Jesusââ¬â¢ soul from the cross, on which he died, into Heaven. Today we have celebrations during Easter that include such things as a life-sized bunny, hard-boiled eggs that are dyed various pastel colors, and baskets, all of which have no religious significance. I think that the non-religious celebrations of Easter should be done away with. à à à à à To begin with, the non-religious celebrations of Easter should be done away with because they serve no relevance toward the original purpose of the tradition. Dyed eggs, bunnies, baskets, and so on do not provide us with any reason to have a celebration. Today we celebrate Easter by saying that there is an Easter bunny that will bring boys and girls candy and gifts as long a... Non-Religious Celebrations Of Easter Should Be Done Away With Essay NON-RELIGOUS CELEBRATIONS OF EASTER SHOULD BE DONE AWAY WITH à à à à à Have you ever sat back and thought about the different traditions that we celebrate in America as well as all around the world? Some of these traditions may include holidays, sporting events, and weddings. We celebrate certain traditions for religious reasons, for memorial reasons, and just for the fact that what we are celebrating is a tradition, and we wish to keep it that way. But some of the traditions that date back thousands of years have been altered from their original meaning. Easter is a perfect example of one of the traditions that has been altered to better suit our modern times. Originally, Easter was the celebration of the ascension of Jesusââ¬â¢ soul from the cross, on which he died, into Heaven. Today we have celebrations during Easter that include such things as a life-sized bunny, hard-boiled eggs that are dyed various pastel colors, and baskets, all of which have no religious significance. I think that the non-religious celebrations of Easter should be done away with. à à à à à To begin with, the non-religious celebrations of Easter should be done away with because they serve no relevance toward the original purpose of the tradition. Dyed eggs, bunnies, baskets, and so on do not provide us with any reason to have a celebration. Today we celebrate Easter by saying that there is an Easter bunny that will bring boys and girls candy and gifts as long a...
Thursday, January 16, 2020
The Wonders of Planet Earth
ââ¬ËThe perpetual cycle of change which has created the face of the Earth, with all its rugged and Fascinating variety usually happens too slowly to be noticed. But occasionally it is rapid and Violent. Volcanoes disgorge molten lava, earthquakes rip open the landscape, landslides, carry away Whole mountainsides. Then human beings become aware of the awesome forces that are shaping Their planet. These forces are fuelled by three powerful sources of energy ââ¬â heat from within the Earth, heat from the Sun, and the force of gravity.Every landform in the world has been shaped by these ttu. ee energy sources. ââ¬Ëthe continents that drift across the surface of the globe, setting off volcanoes and earthquakes and Building mountains. are driven by heat from the Earth's interior which has a temperature of about 5000â⬠³C (9000'F). Most of this heat is created by the breakdown of radioactive elements. Earth is unique among the planets of the Solar System in having liquid water on the surface and water has a major role in shaping the planet.The warmth of the Sun evaporates water from seas and lakes. The vapor rises and condenses to form clouds and then falls again as rain and snow. It is then that its landscaping powers begin, weathering rocks and washing away the loose material. or grinding down the landscape under the power of a glacier. The Sun's heat also produces the rain and the waves that scour the land. The third force ââ¬â gravity ââ¬â causes the tides, which nibble away at the edges of continents, and landslides. hich alter the shape of mountains. Under the influence of gravity. rain works its way downwards as streams and rivers, carving the terrain. On its journey, it carries fragments of rock and sand to be deposited on the ocean floor. And over thousands of years more rock which may then be buckled and lifted up by movement of the Earth's crust to form new mountains. {source: Readers Digest, Discovering the Wonders of our World A guide to natures Sciences marvels]
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